Which type of control is not used against electromagnetic field hazards?

• A. PPE
• B. Engineering Controls
• C. Administrative Controls
• D. Substitution

Answer: (A)

In protection strategies, controls are layered by how effectively they reduce exposure. For electromagnetic field hazards, you want to address the source or the exposure path with engineering controls (such as shielding and keeping safe distances) and administrative controls (like limiting time near the field or rotating tasks). Substitution, when possible, also reduces the hazard at the source. Personal protective equipment is not used as the primary means of control for EMF because EM fields tend to penetrate typical clothing and PPE offers limited, variable protection; it cannot reliably bring exposure down to safe levels across different field strengths and situations. PPE is considered a last-line or supplementary measure, used only when other controls cannot be implemented or fully mitigate the risk.